Table of Contents

User Perceptions of Colour as a Means of Communication

I. I. Ella, O. Onazi, E. O. Ola-Adisa and O.S. Ugbem                                        1-16

An Appraisal of Shading Devices in Institutional Buildings

O. Onazi, N. S. Gaiya, E. O. Ola-Adisa and D. G. Yilme                                   17-31

A Reevaluation on Collide of  Emission on Climate Change

E. W. Likta                                                                                                       32-42

Assessment on Efficacy of Locally-Made Digital Instructional Material

on Achievement Of Physics Students On Current Electricity

Nwoye,  Amarachukwu Nkechi & Nwosu, Frederick Chukwuebuka                43-61

Design Parameters of a Centrifugal Fan for A 200kg Crucible Furnace

Musa Dalil Bello Abubakar Jibrin Abdullahi, Igbax Saanyol Ityokumbul        62-73

Analytical Solution OF a Mathematical Model of Tuberculosis with

Passively Immune Compartment

Abdullah Idris Enagi,Mohammed Olanrewaju Ibrahim &Fatima Sulayman 74-94

Topography, Dumpsites and Groundwater Studies: An Overview

R.N. Opeh & M.O. Atenaga                                                                             95-101

Physicochemical Parameters and Phytoplankton Diversity of Kware Lake

Arzika, A.T.,Adili, A.T., Bagna, E.A., Dandare, K.U., andMohammed, S.                        102-113

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY OF KWARE LAKE

¹Arzika, A.T.,¹Adili, A.T., ¹Bagna, E.A., ¹Dandare, K.U., and¹Mohammed, S.

¹Department of Chemistry

Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto State, Nigeria

E-mail: arzikatambuwal1982@gmail.com,                        

Abstract

Kware lake is a popular natural lake in Sokoto, its known to be used for domestic purposes, irrigation practices and fisheries. Anthropogenic activities are routine at the catchment area. Water and phytoplankton samples were collected for five months. Standard procedures were adapted for determination of physicochemical parameters viz; temperature, depth, turbidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD) etc. These parameters were observed to have varied within the period of study. Five species of phytoplankton were identified, Volvox globatorrecorded the highest percentage distribution during the study. The irregular fluctuations and variations observed between the parameters studied does not  exceed the limit approved by WHO and EPA.Keywords: Kware Lake, Limnological, Phytoplankton, Variables, Water

TOPOGRAPHY, DUMPSITES AND GROUNDWATER STUDIES: AN OVERVIEW

¹R.N. Opeh & ²M.O. Atenaga

^1&2 Department of Physics with Electronics,

Western Delta University, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.

Email: Opehraymond@gmail.com, michaelatenaga@hotmail.co.uk

ABSTRACT

This study pictures a critical analysis on how geophysical imaging technique otherwise called tomography is applied on dump site studies to ascertain the level of contamination of groundwater. Imaging often exposes the movement of leachate from the dumpsite through the subsurface. The direct interaction between the leachate and groundwater brings about contamination of groundwater. The geophysical technique applied in defining the leachate migration is thus analyzed.

Keywords: Dumpsite, Tomography, Imaging, Groundwater, Leachate.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF TUBERCULOSIS WITH PASSIVELY IMMUNE COMPARTMENT

¹Abdullah Idris Enagi,²Mohammed Olanrewaju Ibrahim &³Fatima Sulayman.

¹Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.

²Department of Mathematics, University of Ilorin,  Nigeria.

³Department of Mathematics, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria

E-mail: enagi.idris@futminna.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

In this study, we proposed a Mathematical Model of tuberculosis dynamics. The model is a system of four first order ordinary differential equations. The population is partitioned into four compartments of passively immune infant class ,  Susceptible , Infected and Recovered . The analytical solutions using Homotopy Perturbation method (HPM) were obtained. Graphical profiles for each of the four compartments were obtained using MAPLE computer software package.  The results shows that the disease has a tendency of dying out with time when there is high recovery rate.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Analytical solution, Homotopy perturbation.

DESIGN PARAMETERS OF A CENTRIFUGAL FAN FOR A 200KG CRUCIBLE FURNACE

¹Musa Dalil Bello ²Abubakar Jibrin Abdullahi, ³Igbax Saanyol Ityokumbul

¹Department of Works, Tudun Wada main Campus, Federal Polytechnic,

^2&3Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Kaduna.

E-Mail:abdrauf35@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Centrifugal blowers are applicable in furnaces such as crucible, Rotary and cupola furnace, the efficiency of these furnaces depend on the blast rate and air delivery from a well design blower. This paper discuss the design of a centrifugal blower for a crucible furnace which will give the required manometric efficiency that will aid adequate combustion as   required.  The blower was designed to convert ‘driver’ energy to kinetic energy in the fluid by accelerating it to the outer rim of the revolving device known as the impeller. The impeller, driven by the blower shaft adds the velocity component to the fluid by centrifugally casting the fluid away from the impeller vane tips. The amount of energy given to the fluid corresponds to  the velocity at the edge or vane tip of the impeller.

Keywords: Impeller, Blower, Manometric efficiency, crucible furnace

ASSESSMENT ON EFFICACY OF LOCALLY-MADE DIGITAL INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL ON ACHIEVEMENT OF PHYSICS STUDENTS ON CURRENT ELECTRICITY

Nwoye,  Amarachukwu Nkechi & Nwosu, Frederick Chukwuebuka

Department of Science Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka; Nigeria

Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering,  Federal Polytechnic Oko, Nigeria Email: ammynwoye@yahoo.com; jirebus@gmail.com;

ABSTRACT

Problem in the use of analogue electric circuit is observing of readings in uneasy manner and manifestation of parallax error, but use of digital electric circuit is advantageous for it displays readings in fast and accurate manner. This paper focused on assessment on the efficacy of locally-made digital instructional material on physics students’ achievement on current electricity. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A quasi-experimental research design was used for the study such that experimental group and the control group were taught with locally-made digital instructional material and standard analogue instructional material respectively. The two groups were subjected to pre-test and post-test. Two independent variables in the experiment were instructional material type and gender; a dependent variable was achievement. Population of the study comprised of all SS1 physics students in Anambra State. Purposive sampling was used in selection of 264 students. The instrument used for data collection was Achievement Test on Current Electricity (ATOCE) which is a 40-item 4-option multiple choice objective test with reliability co-efficient of 0.87. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significant using ANCOVA. Result obtained showed that physics students taught current electricity with locally-made digital instructional material has higher mean achievement score than those taught with standard analogue instructional material. Hypothesis tested (F = 288.504, P = 0.000) further showed that there was a significant difference in the mean achievement scores of the two groups of physics students. Result also showed that female physics students had a slightly higher mean achievement score than their male counterparts; but hypothesis tested (F = 0.469, P = 0.494) showed that there was no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female physics students. It was concluded that the locally-made digital instructional material was efficacious in enhancing achievement of physics students on current electricity, and it was also gender-friendly. Recommendations made focused on supporting the production and use of locally-made digital instructional material.

Keywords: Locally-made digital instructional material, current electricity, achievement, physics students

A Reevaluation on Collide of CO_2 Emission on Climate Change

E. W. Likta

Department of Physics,

University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State. Nigeria.

E-Mail Address:emmalikta2014@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The goal of this paper is to investigated the main cause of global warming is the emission of , methane, ozone, water vapor etc. which is release from the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and agriculture activities owing to the extensive use of artificial fertilizers. We understood that warming trend is expected to continue increasing at dramatic rates. Earth’s atmosphere is dividing into five main layers.  is the second most abundant greenhouse gas after  vapor.

Keyword: Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere , Stratosphere and Troposphere

AN APPRAISAL OF SHADING DEVICES IN INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS

O. Onazi, N. S. Gaiya, E. O. Ola-Adisa and D. G. Yilme

Department of Architecture

University of Jos, Jos

Email: olaefeadisa@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study addresses user comfort and performance of shading devices systems in an institutional building. It also shows that the architect can improve the shading and thermal comfort of the building by way of proper building materials, effective landscape, types of sizes of fenestration among many other design considerations right from design state. Information and data were obtained from on the spot assessment. These assessments were basically field observations of physical characteristics and prevailing conditions carried out within study area. Also data was obtained from relevant literatures such as books and journals. Results reveal that a wide range of methods can be used in analysing the performance of shading devices in institutional buildings. It further shows that even without software, designers can put in place some measures and design considerations right from the preliminary design stage such as proper building orientation, choice of building materials, effective landscaping, types and sizes of the fenestrations among many other design consideration.

Keywords: Energy Saving Fenestrations, Shading Devices, User Comfort

USER PERCEPTIONS OF COLOUR AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

I.  I. Ella, O. Onazi, E. O. Ola-Adisa and O.S. Ugbem

Department of Architecture

University of Jos,Jos

email: olaefeadisa@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Colour as a cognitive artifact draws our attention to the fact that its visual attribute has a profound effect on the viewer’s reasoning and perception of objects, space, persons and environment. Mood swings and extreme motivation can be propelled through appropriate use of colour in various degrees.An artifact such as colour has its roots firmly held to the bedrock of Archaeology, historical events, excavations and has always been a product of both human and spiritual conception. This study seeks to investigate and bring to enlightenment, colour combinations as a means of communication and universal language. The study also dwells on the notion that proper allocation of colours to designed spaces in a well-defined order psychologically impact the viewers with all necessary adjustments needed to benefit maximally from the designed and pigmented living spaces.Colour choice and combination, are the independent variables in this study in relation to size, shapes, position and circulation allowances of designed spaces. Visual communication and psychological impact on viewers and dwellers form the dependent variables.The study lays technical emphasis on how colour affects man’s psycho-visual perception of colour-consideration in institutional buildings while focusing on primary schools within Jos metropolis. Historical reviews also reveal theories of colour effects and its significance on buildings of sundry scales. The study deduces that there is a relationship between objective colour combination concepts and human perception. The study also proposes an alternative to existing concepts and procedures of colour selection by designers and also marketing enhancements.