The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in Architectural Design Studio The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in Architectural Design Studio (A study in Jos, Nigeria) (A study in Jos, Nigeria) (A study in Jos, Nigeria)

Ebele Ebelechukwu Obianuju Enwerekowe chukwu Obianuju Enwerekowe1 11 1, Ifeoluwa Adebola Adetula1 11 1, , , , Jonathan Jonathan David David David Chong Chong1 11 1 1Department of Architecture, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. Email Email: enwerekowee@unijos.edu.ng : enwerekowee@unijos.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

The curriculum and programs of architectural schools and studios are often written to address theoretical and professional concerns without addressing the ways in which a particular program may be compatible with individual student learning styles. This study takes a closer look at the effect of learning styles on student performance in architectural design studio as concerns for student output in design continues to question how students learn and how their ways of learning differ from one another. The study identifies and seeks to understand learning styles and preferences of second- and fourth-year Architecture students in the University of Jos, Plateau state; and to ascertain how awareness of this various learning styles can improve the communication between instructors and design students in design studio on the basis of the Kolb’s Learning Style Theory. In this study, a quantitative research approach was employed. The research instrument that was employed is the Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory (LSI). Data captured in this study was analysed through descriptive statistical methods for the purpose of showing the means and spreading of students learning style preferences in each sample using tabulated descriptions and graphical descriptions. The study ascertained that the preferred learning style of a student can determine how well he/she performs in design studio. It also concluded that there are significant differences between performances of students of every pair of learning styles. The results of this study strongly suggest that recognising the association between learning styles and performance in design studio will lead to both more perceptive teaching and also more responsive learning. Key words Key words: architectural education, design studio behaviour, learning styles


Analytical Assessment tical Assessment tical Assessment tical Assessment of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in Selected Local Selected Local Selected Local Selected Local Government Government Government Government Areas of Areas of Areas of Areas of Oyo State Oyo State Oyo State Oyo State

11 1Oni, Oni, Oni, Oni, J. J. J. J. O. and O. and O. and O. and 2 22 2Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. 1 11 1Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Foundations, Foundations, Foundations, Foundations, Tai Tai Tai Tai Solarin University of Solarin University of Solarin University of Solarin University of Education Education Education Education, ,, , I II Ij jj jagun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State 2 22 2Institute Institute Institute Institute of of of of Education, Education, Education, Education, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Ado Ado Ado Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Email: Email: Email: Email: oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study examined the factors affecting the production of cassava in Oyo state. Data for the study was collected using stratified random sampling technique with the aid of structured questionnaires. Six (6) local governments were selected from thirty-three (33) local government areas in the state with one hundred and twenty (120) participants selected through the use of stratified random technique because of the zoning nature of the research. Pearson Production Moment Correlation (PPMC) and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the factors affecting cassava production in the study area. The results indicated that there was significance relationship between cassava production and factors such as financing of farms, monitoring of farmers’. It was recommended that cassava farmers in the study area should explore various means of financing cassava cultivation. They should strictly follow the instructions of the agricultural extension officers and that extension officers should regularly visit the cassava farmers on their farms. Mores, government should provide credit facilities to cassava farmers in order to enhance cassava productivity. Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cassava, sava, sava, sava, Production, Production, Production, Production, Financing, Financing, Financing, Financing, Oyo Oyo Oyo Oyo State, State, State, State, Processing Processing Processing Processing


Histopathology Review of Free Radicals

Ekundina O. Victor1

, Omon A. Emmanuel1

, Ayomide Unuigbohai, Ejelue C. Chiamaka

Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
College of Health and Medical Sciences,
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Email: omonea@pg.abuad.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Histopathology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study of
disease tissues. These diseases have an underlying cause which is the reaction of free radicals and other reactive species. Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemical molecules that are produced from normal metabolic and biochemical reactions in the body. Free radicals cause oxidative stress when their reactions overwhelm the counteraction of antioxidants in the body. Examples of free radicals are superoxideanion (O2

), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH-), nitric oxide
(NO), peroxyl (ROO) and lipid peroxyl (LOO). Oxidative stress then leads to disease by provoking pathologic reactions in specific tissues of the organ based on the exposure of the tissues to free radicals. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases like diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, liver cancer etc. Antioxidants are molecules that can stabilize or deactivate free radical before they cause tissue damage. This review is focused on establishing the effects free radicals have in the pathogenesis of histopathology, in addition, the roles of antioxidant in deactivating these free radicals reaction. Free radicals cause disease when oxidation exceeds antioxidation or even when the generation of free radicals exceeds its removal. Keywords: Histopathology, Free radicals, Oxidative Stress, ROS, Antioxidants, Tissue


Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activity of Delbergia saxatilisLeaf Extract Extract

Yusuf M.G, Lawal F.B. & Yusuf M.G, Lawal F.B. &Garba S.T. Garba S.T. Garba S.T.
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto – Nigeria
Email: candlenddark@gmail.com Email: candlenddark@gmail.com candlenddark@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Dalbergia saxatilis is widely used in traditional medicine system. The species are used in traditional system of medicine all over the world in the treatment of various ailments qualitative phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of the leaf
extract were evaluated. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure, the bioactive compounds detected were flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, balsam, saponin glycosides, volatile oils, alkaloids, cardiac glycoside and glycosides and absence of anthraqinone,. Antibacterial activity of the leaf extract was also tested against the certain strains of clinical isolates of bacteria such as Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi using disc diffusion and broth techniques. The antibacterial test result had indicated that the test isolates were sensitive to the leaf extract of Dalbergia saxatilis plant with highest efficiency against Streptococcus spp at 400mg/ml (24mm), 500mg/ml (19mm) for E.
coli and then 0.00mm for Salmonella typhi at all concentration. The lowest activity for E. coli and Streptococcus spp was at 300mg/ml (16mm and 19mm) respectively. The leaf extract of the plant found to show strong inhibitory activity against some
of the tested organisms at higher concentrations which was in dose dependent manner. The study had indicated that the leaf extract of the plant has potential against microbial infections.
Key words: Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Dalbergia Key words: saxatilis.


Evaluation of Mineral Composition Evaluation of Mineral Composition Mineral Composition, Antinutritional Parameters and Antinutritional Parameters and Microbial Count of Fermented Prosopis africanaSeeds (OKPEHE)

1Asiru, R.A., *1Bukar, A., **1Mohammed, B. and ***2Musbau, S. Musbau, S.
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of life Science, Bayero University, PMB 3011, Kano,
2Department of Biological Sciences, Yobe State, University, Yobe, Nigeria
Email: asirunet@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Boiled and fermented seeds of Prosopis africana were evaluated for mineral composition, anti-nutritional contents and microbial count were determined at 0 hr, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of fermentation using standard procedures. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. The result of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed general reduction in the entire anti-nutrients constituents as the fermentation progressed from 0 hr to 72 hrs. The Alkaloids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.38mg/100g at zero hour to
0.13mg/100g at 72 hours. The Flavonoids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.34mg/100g at zero hour to 0.17mg/100g at 72 hours. The mean Steroids content
decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.41mg/100g at zero hour to 0.21mg/100g at 72 hours. The saponins content decreased from 0.93mg/100g at zero hour to 0.55mg/100g at 72 hours. The resins content decreased from 0.87mg/100g at zero hour to 0.38mg/100g
at 72 hours. The phenols content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.51mg/100g at zero hour to 0.22mg/100g at 72 hours. Tannis was not detected at any stage of fermentation and oxalate content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.13mg/100g
at zero hour to 0.02mg/100g at 72 hours while results of minerals composition of Okpehe contained; Calcium (36.82ppm), Potassium (14.49ppm), Sodium (2.48ppm), iron (0.75ppm), copper (0.33ppm), Lead was not detected, cadmium (0.32ppm), nickel
(0.03ppm) chromium were (0.01ppm). The bacterial load ranged between mean log10 (5.74- 5.92) cfu/g while Fungal count ranged between mean log10 (5.56-5.73) cfu/g after 72 hrs of spontaneous fermentation. Keywords: Keywords: Prosopis africana seeds, Fermentation, anti-nutrients, Condiment,
legume, phytochemical


Expression of Expression ofCEA andp16 in Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer

Ekundina O. Victor1, Omon A. Emmanuel1*
,
Oladele A. Abraham1, Aliyu Aminu1

1Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
College of Health and Medical Sciences,
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Email: omonea@pg.abuad.edu.ng *Corresponding Author:

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Colorectal cancer is any cancer that affects the colon or rectum which is known to be the most common malignant cancer in the GIT. The aim of this case controlled retrospective study is to determine the expression of CEA and p16 in normal colorectal tissues, colonic polyps and colorectal carcinoma. IHC analysis of the expression of CEA and P16 was performed on a total of 65 formalin fixed paraffin- embedded tissue blocks including 15 normal colorectal tissues, 25 benign colonic polyps and 25 colorectal carcinoma were retrieved from pathology archives. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out on the samples. The results obtained showed that nuclear CEA staining was expressed in which normal cases showed a positivity rate of 50%, colonic polyps showed a positivity rate of 90% and CRC showed a positivity rate of 100%. Staining of p16 was expressed in which normal cases showed a positivity rate of 20%, colonic polyps showed 70% and colorectal cancer showed 93%. A positive relationship between the degree of expression of CEA and p16 and the severity of the lesions in the progression of colorectal carcinoma was observed through this course of study. While these markers have been proven to be effective in predicting the progression of normal colorectal tissue to colorectal carcinoma based on their staining patterns, none of these markers can stand on its own to give fully definitive result and should be used in concordance with each other to compensate for their limitations and obtain relevant results.
Keywords: Keywords: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), p16, Colorectal cancer, Expression, Tumour


Evaluation of Mineral Composition Evaluation of Mineral Composition Mineral Composition, Antinutritional Parameters and Antinutritional Parameters and Microbial Count of Fermented Prosopis africanaSeeds (

1Asiru, R.A., *1Bukar, A., **1Mohammed, B. and ***2Musbau, S. Musbau, S. 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of life Science, Bayero University, PMB 3011, Kano, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Yobe State, University, Yobe, Nigeria Email: asirunet@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT

Boiled and fermented seeds of Prosopis africana were evaluated for mineral composition, anti-nutritional contents and microbial count were determined at 0 hr, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of fermentation using standard procedures. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. The result of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed general reduction in the entire antinutrients constituents as the fermentation progressed from 0 hr to 72 hrs. The Alkaloids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.38mg/100g at zero hour to 0.13mg/100g at 72 hours. The Flavonoids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.34mg/100g at zero hour to 0.17mg/100g at 72 hours. The mean Steroids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.41mg/100g at zero hour to 0.21mg/100g at 72 hours. The saponins content decreased from 0.93mg/100g at zero hour to 0.55mg/100g at 72 hours. The resins content decreased from 0.87mg/100g at zero hour to 0.38mg/100g at 72 hours. The phenols content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.51mg/100g at zero hour to 0.22mg/100g at 72 hours. Tannis was not detected at any stage of fermentation and oxalate content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.13mg/100g at zero hour to 0.02mg/100g at 72 hours while results of minerals composition of Okpehe contained; Calcium (36.82ppm), Potassium (14.49ppm), Sodium (2.48ppm), iron (0.75ppm), copper (0.33ppm), Lead was not detected, cadmium (0.32ppm), nickel (0.03ppm) chromium were (0.01ppm). The bacterial load ranged between mean log10 (5.74- 5.92) cfu/g while Fungal count ranged between mean log10 (5.56-5.73) cfu/g after 72 hrs of spontaneous fermentation. Keywords: Keywords: Prosopis africana seeds, Fermentation, anti-nutrients, Condiment, legume, phytochemical


Statistical Study of the Effects of Four Different Fungicides on the Growth and Yield of Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) via a Control

B.A. Uchendu1 & J. A. L. Effiong2
1Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria
2Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria
Email: uchendubartholomew@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT


In this research work, Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Four
Different Fungicides on the Growth of Beans (Phaseolus vulagaris), we applied the univariate data analysis on the growth characteristics of Phaseolus vulgaris via an untreated check (control) by considering four factors; the Harvest Yield, the Herbage Yield, the Mean Number of Flowers and Mean Height. There were a total of one thousand four hundred seeds, all of which were of the same species and of the same characteristics. Two hundred of these seeds were not treated with any of the fungicides while every other two hundred of the remaining were treated with four fungicides, Chinoin Fundazol, Agrocit, Anthracol and
Difolatan. The experiment was performed using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The analysis was further improved using the Multivariate Analytical Technique. It was concluded that no significant differences exist in the Mean Harvest, Meam Herbage Yield and the Mean Height between the Fungicides treated seeds and that of the Control. Keywords: Phaselus Vulgaris, Herbage Yield, Mean Height, Harvest Yield.


A Chatbot for Answering Frequently Asked Questions by University Students Using Natural Language Processing and Multinomial Naïvebayes Algorithm

1Ede Ifesinachi Chizzy; 2Aminu Muhd Bui & 3Hassan Suru
1Department of Computer, Federal University, Bennin Kebbi
2Department of Computer, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto
3Department of Computer, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero
Email: edechizzy@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT


Chatbots are programs that impersonate human discussion and their plan should be possible utilizing different techniques. Be that as it may, little work has been finished in the use of chatbots in the instructive area, thus; this undertaking is centered on making a chatbot to be utilized by understudies to respond to their habitually posed inquiries from the school’s web-based entertainment stage and regulatory workplaces. This KSUSTA Chatbot has the ability to make discussions; answer the course and workforce subtleties; answer the regularly posed inquiries instead of looking at a considerable rundown of FAQ’s searching for replies. Issues engaged with making Chatbots are information assortment which winds up giving not exactly needed measure of information for preparing and retraining, utilization of Programming interface’s which decreases adaptability in the bot. Be that as it may, these issues were handled by involving BeautifulSoup for information assortment, Pandas for information handling and Multinomial
Naïve Bayes model with a superior presentation. To develop the Chatbot, Python Language was utilized as the fundamental language. Furthermore, its AI and Natural Language Processing Libraries, web scrapping and document handling instruments were utilized, the front end graphical UI (GUI) was designed utilizing Flask (python), Html, CSS and JavaScript, Data set was
taken care of with PostgreSQL, for recovery and retraining. The system has achieved 84% accuracy of correctly classifying the questions. One of the major drawbacks was the imbalanced state of the data set. Below are the various metrics that were used to evaluate its performance. Keywords— Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), Natural language processing (NLP), Machine learning (ML), Multinomial Naive Bayes, Supervised Learning, Reinforced Learning


Comparative Analysis of Gum Arabic and Molasses (Binders) in Briquette Produced from Millet Husk

*1Arzika Abdullahi Tambuwal, 2Abdulhameed Salihu, 1Yunusa
Muhammad Boyi, 3Sani Garba, 1Adamu Salisu Muhammad, 3Yusuf Sahabi, 3Hauwa’u Umar and 3Mubarak Muhammad.


1Department of Chemistry, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto

2Department of Physical Sciences, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger

3Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic Sokoto
*E-mail:arzikatambuwal1982@gmail.com

ABSTRACT


The study was carried out to investigate the effects of binders (molasses and gum Arabic) on millet husk in the production of briquettes. Fixed quantities of millet husk were used to produce briquettes with varying percentage of binders (10%, 20% and 30%). Low pressure fabricated briquetting machine was used for compression to produce the briquettes, after sun drying to reduce the moisture content to minimum value. The
proximate analysis conducted, indicated the range of moisture content% (2.1-3.0) ash content% (7.8-11.4) volatile matter% (61.9-76.6) and fixed carbon% (13.0-26.5). The physical properties had the values ranging from (0.52-0.60), (0.18-0.24) (1.69-1.80), (2.31-3.14), (3.5-23.2), (4.7-30.2) for compressed density (g/cm3), relaxed density (g/cm3), compaction ratio, relaxation ratio, durability (%) and water resistant (sec) respectively. The
fuel density included ignition time (sec), after glow (sec), boiling time (mins) and calorific value (KJ/kg) with the value ranging from (2.3-8.3), (2.0-24.4), (16.10-19.13) and (29830.95-30119.84) respectively. The study shows that millet husk with gum Arabic serves as a better combination for the production of briquettes.
Keywords: Millet husk, Gum arabic, Molasses.


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