ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF Acacia nilotica SEED EXTRACTS
Yabaya A1* and E. D. Silas2
1Department of Microbiology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
2Nationa Research Institute for Chemical Technology, Basawa, Zaria
amosyabaya@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Antibacterial activities of the crude extract of Acacia nilotica seeds using methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water as solvents were tested on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shegella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus aureus. These strains were clinical isolates and confirmatory biochemical test were conducted. The phytochemical analyses of the seed extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and steroids. Disc diffusion method was used to examine the bacterial susceptibility of the extracts. There were various zones of inhibition by the different extracts. Methanolic extract inhibited the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae at 90 and 120 mg/ml (2.0 and 4.3mm respectively), Shegella dysenteriae was inhibited at 60 to 120 mg/ml (1.0, 3.5 and 4.1 mm respectively).Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited at all the concentrations. The trend of extract inhibition was similar in the chloroform and ethyl acetate while the water extract inhibited the three microorganisms at all the four levels of concentrations. There is an indication that the plant could be used to advanced medical practice.
Key words: Acacia nilotica, Phytochemical, Antibacterial activity, Seed extracts