PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTIMICOBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF PARKIA CLAPPERTONIANA STEM BARK
Neji P.A 1*, O.A.Ushie2 Gunda H.J.3 & U. Umoh4
1Department of Chemical Science, Cross River University of Technology Calabar, Nigeria
2Department of Chemical Science, Federal University Wukari Nigeria
3Department of Chemistry Education, Federal College of Education (Technical) Potiskum, Nigeria
4Department of Chemistry University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Email: afiushie@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The stem-bark of Parkia clappertoniana was subjected to photochemical screening using standard procedure. The method of cold solvent was used in the extraction. The stem-bark of Parkia clappertoniana as prepared by soaking 60g of it in 150ml of hexane for four days and filtered, concentrated by evaporation, dried and weighed. The procedure was repeated with chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol sequentially in order of polarity. The stem-bark extracts of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol were screened for the presence of some phytochemical such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids and tannins. The result obtained revealed the presence of anthraquinones and terpenes in all the extracts. Flavoniods were found in the extracts except for hexane extracts. Saponin was only present in chloroform and acetone. Alkaloids and tannins were present in hexane, acetone and methanol extracts. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested against some clinical isolates and the result of the sensitivity tests of the organisms to the extracts showed the extract had antibacterial activity against the test bacterial isolates.